DNA Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Rice Cultivars using SSR markers

Abstract

Asia is the biggest rice producer and consumer, accounting 90% of the world’s production and consumption of rice. India is the second most populous nation, stands first in area, second in production, followed and preceded by China on these two aspects. Increasing yield is still the most important objective of rice breeding programs in developing countries because of the growing demand for food resulting from population growth and a reduction in area devoted to rice production. In present study genomic fingerprinting and divergence analysis has been done in rice cultivars using SSR Markers. For this 10 rice cultivars were selected and 37 SSR primers were used for generating genomic finger prints and assessment of genetic diversity and identification of unique allele among them. The DNA amplification pattern revealed that a total number of 198 SSR loci were amplified with an average of 5.35 loci per primer and ranged from two (RM 242 and RM 331) to 9 (RM 488). All loci were polymorphic and were detected by Gene Tool software version 4.03.05.0. Out of 37 SSR primers, 22 primers amplified unique allele for the different rice cultivars. In the clustering pattern the dendogram generated based on SSR markers grouped the 10 rice cultivars into two clusters. Cluster I comprised of two sub-clusters. Sub-cluster I comprised of two cultivars i.e. JR 503 and Kranti. Sub-cluster II further divided into two groups, with the rice cultivars Mahamaya, Improved Jeerashakar (Group A) and JR 201, Improved Chinnor (Group B). Sub-cluster II comprised of four rice cultivars viz., NPT 65, JR 81 and MTU 1010.Cultivar NPT 29, which showed that this cultivar is totally divers for the rest of the 9 rice cultivars.