Molecular Characterization of Different Grape Varieties by Using RAPD and ISSR Marker

Abstract

Six genotypes of grape were characterized by using eight RAPD and five ISSR primers. The RAPD studies revealed 71.42% average polymorphism across six genotypes of grape with ten mean numbers of polymorphic bands and polymorphism ranged from 33 to 100%. The dendrogram constructed using pooled RAPD loci data clearly showed two clusters. The highest genetic similarity (0.52) was found between sarita and nanasaheb while lowest genetic similarity (0.22) found between manikchaman and sharad cultivars. The mean similarity index was found to be 0.55 among all six grape cultivars. The ISSR analyses with five primers produced 117bands with23 average numbers of bands per primer and the polymorphism ranged from 42 to 100%. The average percent polymorphism was 69.23%. Cluster analysis based on ISSR data clearly grouped all six varieties in two main clusters. In the ISSR analysis thompson seedless and sarita were shown to be more genetically similar while sharad seedless and nanasaheb purple seedless were shown to be distant varieties. The findings of RAPD and ISSR studies with different varieties of grapes will be helpful for grape improvement. The present study also indicates RAPD as well as ISSR markers are reliable for molecular diversity analysis in grape.