Nanoparticles encapsulated drug enhanced in vitro anticancer activity by induction of apoptosis.

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy represents a powerful therapeutic keystone in the treatment of colorectal cancer. More or less all the anticancer drugs have severe side effects on normal tissues and organs. The undesired toxicity of currently available anticancer drugs and the inefficiency of chemotherapeutic treatments have limited the optimization of drug regimens and effective chemotherapeutic procedures. Currently the field of nanomedicine allows the release of anticancer drugs by biodegradation and self-regulation of nano materials in vitro and in vivo. For that reason, a need is felt to encapsulate these drugs into better drug delivery carriers such as SLN to minimize systemic side effects. In the current study SLN was prepared by solvent injection method and built-in with 5-Fluorouracil, Irinotecan and Ca-Leucovorin. Anticarcinogenic potential of the nano-engineered formulations were investigated using cultured HT- 29 cells. Evaluation of anti-carcinogenic potential by Annexin-V-FITC/PI apoptosis assay and mitochondrial depolarization following dose dependendent and time course experiments treatment with SLN and native drugs described noteworthy differences, creating better prospective efficacy of nano-engineered drugs. The result indicates that the SLN is a promising controlled release carrier. A nanoparticle has the potential to overcome current chemotherapeutic obstructions in colorectal cancer treatment, because of the unique nano scale size and properties.